Class 10 Science Ch 10 Light Reflection And Refraction Notes
NCERT CBSE Class 10 Notes Revision Notes for Class include Notes from Chapter 10: Light Reflection and Refraction from the textbook.
This chapter note includes topic- or concept-wise explanations for all the topics provided in the book, such as types of mirror, virtual and real images, types of lenses, concave and convex lenses, and concave and convex mirrors.
Well-prepared Class 10th Science Notes will help students understand the ideas, concepts, and themes covered in all chapters of the Ncert 10th Textbook.
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Light
- It is a form of energy that enables us to see.
- Light always travels in straight line.
- Light makes shadow. Without light Shadow is not possible.
- Light has the maximum speed in this world. Its value is 3x108 m/s.
Reflection
Coming back of light rays to the same medium when they fall on a
surface.
Laws of Reflection
1) Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
2) Incident ray, normal at the point of incidence are
reflected ray all lie in the same plane.
Normal
Types of Images
1) Real images are inverted
2) A real image is formed by
Convex lens and Concave
Mirror
3) These are formed on
Screen
4) These are formed due to
actual intersection of rays
5) Example -
1) Virtual images are Erect
(Straight)
2) A virtual image is formed
by Plane Mirror and
Convex Mirror, Concave
Lens
3) These are not formed on
Screen
4) These are formed due to
imaginary intersection of
rays.
5) Example
Types of Mirrors
1) Plane Mirror
- Object and Image are at equal distance from Plane Mirror.
- If object is real, then image will be virtual and vice versa.
- Size of image is equal to size of object.
Lateral Inversion – The right side of the object appears left
side of the image and vice-versa.
Uses - Looking Glass, Periscope, Kaleidoscope etc.
Looking Mirror
Kaleidoscope
2) Spherical Mirror
- Whose reflecting surfaces are spherical.
a) Radius of Curvature (R) - Distance between Pole and the
Centre of Curvature.
b) Centre of Curvature (C) - Centre of that imaginary sphere
of which, mirror is part.
c) Pole (P) – It is the mid-point of its reflecting surface.
d) Principal Axis – Line joining Pole and Centre of Curvature.
e) Focus (F) – Point on principal axis where all the parallel
light rays actually meet or appear to meet after reflection.
f) Aperture – Effective diameter of the spherical mirror.
g) Focal Length (f) – Distance between Pole and the Focus.
Focal Length =
Centre of
Curvature
2
Types of Spherical Mirrors -
RAY DIAGRAMS
Some Rules –
1) A ray parallel to principal axis, will pass through the Focus
after reflection.
CONCAVE MIRROR
1) Object placed at Infinity
2) Object placed behind Center of Curvature
3) Object placed at Centre of Curvature
4) Object placed between Focus and Centre of Curvature
5) Object placed at Focus
6) Object placed between Focus and Pole
Position of
Object
Position of Image
Size of Image
Nature of Image
At Infinity
At the focus F
Very Small
Real and Inverted
Beyond C
Between F and C
Small
Real and Inverted
At C
At C
Same Size
Real and Inverted
Between C and F
Beyond C
Big
Real and Inverted
At F
At Infinity
Very Big
Real and Inverted
Between F and P
Behind mirror
Big
Virtual and Erect
Uses of Concave Mirror –
1) Shaving mirror, torch, dentists, solar furnace
Dentists using Concave Mirror
Solar Furnace
2) A ray passing through principal focus of concave mirror will
emerge parallel to principal axis after reflection.
3) Ray passing through Center of Curvature of a Concave mirror
gets reflected back in same path.
4) The Incident and Reflected rays make equal angles with
Principal Axis.
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