Magnetic Effect of Electric Current Class 10 Notes CBSE Science Chapter 13
CBSE NCERT Class 10 Notes Science contains physics, chemistry and biology notes of chapter 13 Magnetic Effect of Electric Current given in textbook are part of Revision Notes for Class
Science Notes cover an overview of the main given points of every concepts and Topics in the NCERT TextBooks Class 10th Science this Chapter Notes includes topic/concepts wise explanations for all the topic provided in the book such as Electric Field , Permanent and Temporary Magnet , magnetic Field, Direct Current and Alternating Current
CBSE Class 10 Chapter-wise Science Notes
Well prepared Class 10th Science Notes will guidance students understand the topics ,concepts and themes covered in all the chapters of Ncert Text book of 10th
MAGNETIC EFFECTS
Magnet
A substance that attracts iron or iron like
substances.
Properties of Magnet
- Every magnet has two poles i.e. North and South.
- Like poles repel each other.
- Unlike poles attract each other.
- A freely suspended bar magnet aligns itself in nearly north-south
direction, with its north poles towards north direction.
Repel
Attract
Magnetic Field
The area around a magnetic in which its magnetic force can be
experienced.
- Its SI unit is Tesla (T).
- Magnetic field has both magnitude and direction.
- Magnetic field can be described with help of a magnetic compass.
- The needle of a magnetic compass is a freely suspended bar
magnet.
Characteristics of Field Lines
- Field lines arise from North pole and end into South pole of the
magnet.
- Field lines are closed curves.
- Field lines are closer in stronger magnetic field.
Field lines never intersect each other as for two lines to intersect,
there must be two north directions at a point, which is not
possible.
- Direction of field lines inside a magnet is from South to North.
- The relative strength of magnetic field shown by degree of
closeness of field lines.
Right Hand Thumb Rule
Imagine you are holding a current carrying straight conductor in your
right hand such that the thumb is pointing towards the direction of
current. Then the fingers wrapped around the conductor give the
direction of magnetic field
Magnetic Field due to Current Through a Straight Conductor
- It can be represented by concentric circles at every point on
conductor.
- Direction can be given by right hand thumb rule or compass.
- Circles are closer near the conductor.
- Magnetic field ∝ Strength of Current
- Magnetic field ∝
1
Distance from
conductor
Magnetic Field due to a Current through a Circular Loop
- It can be represented by concentric circle at every point.
- Circles become larger and larger as we move away.
- Every point on wire carrying current would give rise to magnetic
field appearing as straight line at center of the loop.
- The direction of magnetic field inside the loop is same.
Factors affecting magnetic field of a circular current carrying
conductor
- Magnetic field ∝ Current passing through the conductor
- Magnetic field ∝
1
Distance from conductor
- Magnetic field ∝ Number of turns in the coil
Magnetic field is additive in nature means magnetic field of one loop
adds up to magnetic field of another loop. This is because the current
I each circular turn has same direction
Solenoid
A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire wrapped closely
in a cylindrical form.
- Magnetic field of a solenoid is similar to that of a bar magnet.
- Magnetic field is uniform inside the solenoid and represented by
parallel field lines.
- Direction of magnetic field
i) Outside the solenoid: North to South
ii) Inside the solenoid: South to North
- Solenoid can be used to magnetize a magnetic material like soft iron.
Types of Magnets
Permanent Magnet
Force on a Current carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
- Andre Marie Ampere suggested that the magnet also exerts an
equal and opposite force on a current carrying conductor.
- The displacement in the conductor is the maximum when the
direction of current is at right angle to the direction of magnetic
field.
- Direction of force is reversed on reversing the direction of
current.
Electromagnet
1) It is a temporary magnet, so it
can be easily demagnetized.
2) Strength can be varied.
3) Generally strong magnet.
4) Poles can be reversed.
(matlab North pole ko South or
South pole ko North pole bna skte
h/ Poles ko reverse kiya ja skta h)
1) Can’t be easily demagnetized.
2) Strength is fixed.
3) Generally weak magnet.
4) Poles can’t be reversed
Types of Current
Direct Current
1) The current which doesn’t
reverse its direction.
2) DC can’t be transferred to
long distances.
3) DC can be stored in Batteries.
4) Frequency is always Zero.
5) This only move in one
direction – that is forward.
6) Sources of DC are Cell,
Battery etc.
Our TV remote works on
Alternating Current
1) The current which reverses
its direction periodically.
2) AC can be transmitted to long
distance.
3) This can’t be stored in
batteries.
4) The frequency of AC is never
zero.
5) AC keep changing their
directions – backward and
forward.
6) Our TV, Fridge works through
Alternating Current
Domestic Electric Circuits
- There are three kinds of wires used:
(i) Live Wire (positive) with red
insulation cover.
(ii) Neutral wire (negative) with
black insulation cover.
(iii) Earth wire with green
insulation cover.
The Potential difference between Live and Neutral wire in India is 220
Voltage.
Pole → Main supply → Fuse → Electricity meter → MCB → To separate
circuits
Electric Pole
Electric Meter Main Switch
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